Abstract: As a novel controllable fragrance release system formed by conjugating fragrant molecules with non-volatile substrates based on environmentally responsive covalent bonds, profragrance can realize active-controllable release of fragrant molecules under environmental conditions, thus prolonging fragrance retention time. This type of precursor substance makes it possible for the increasingly refined and functional development trend of high-end fragrances, which has led to widespread attention to the environmentally responsive controllable profragrances. In this paper, the basic reactive profragrances were reviewed, with emphasis on the recent advances in photo controllable release system, hydrolysis controllable release system and enzyme controllable release system. In addition, novel encapsulated and polymeric profragrances were introduced. Finally, new insights into further development and application of profragrances were summarized.